A real comedy which is considered as truth by many a people

1.Jawaharlal Nehru (left) became India's first prime minister in 1947. 
2.Mahatma Gandhi (right) led the independence movement
i think u would have all laughed at this second point...what a comedy.....

The real step of Indias independence...

Anyone rmember this incident that took place on January 30 1948???

Godse said "I AM PUNISHING M.K.GANDHI AND NOT KILLING HIM" 

Hope u guys got the depth of this above mentioned line..

Etymology of India

The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Hinduš. The latter term stems from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for the Indus River. The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi (Ινδοί), which translates as "the people of the Indus". The geographical term Bharat which is recognised by the Constitution of India as an official name for the country, is used by many Indian languages in its variations.The eponym of Bharat is Bharata, a theological figure that Hindu scriptures describe as a legendary emperor of ancient India. Hindustan was originally a Persian word that meant "Land of the Hindus"; prior to 1947, it referred to a region that encompassed northern India and Pakistan. It is occasionally used to solely denote India in its entirety.

Paintings at the Ajanta Caves in Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 6th century

The Maharaja of Patiala

The Maharaja of Patiala was a maharaja in India and the ruler of the princely state of Patiala in Punjab. The first Maharaja of Patiala was Baba Ala Singh (1695–1765), who was granted the title by Ahmed Shah Abdali of Afghanistan in 1764.
The Maharajas of Patiala were awarded 17 gun salutes.
The most famous Maharaja of Patiala was Maharaja Bhupinder Singh (12 October 1891 – 23 March 1938). He is perhaps best known for his extravagance, and for being a cricketer. His polo and cricket teams were one of the best in India Two of his sons, Maharajadhiraj Yadavindra Singh and Raja Bhalindra Singh, both played first-class cricket. Yuvraj played in one Test for India, in 1934.
Maharaja of Patiala was also known as the owner of the highest cricket ground in Chail and the first Indian to own a car and an aircraft. He is said to own an aircraft in 1911, the Wright brothers' model-B craft.
Maharaja of Patiala was also considered as leader of the Sikhs and masses of Punjab before independence. When during rainy season a seasonal river bordering the city of Patiala overflows, the incumbent Maharaja offers a traditional Nath, an ornament worn by women in their nose and thick kangans to the river following prayers made by priests. This was last practised in 1993 when the river developed a breach and flooded Patiala.
Yuvraj Yadavindra Singh became the maharaja on 23 March 1938. He was to be the first maharaja, agreeing to the incorporation of Patiala into the newly independent India on 5 May 1948, becoming Rajpramukh of the new Indian state of Patiala and East Punjab States Union.
The heir is Capt. Amarinder Singh. His son is Raninder Singh.

The British Indian Empire_A Map

The British Indian Empire, from the 1909 edition of The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Areas directly governed by the British are shaded pink;the princely states under British suzerainty are in yellow.

Terrorist attacks in Mumbai:

12 March 1993 - Series of 13 bombs go off, killing 257
6 December 2002 - Bomb goes off in a bus in Ghatkopar, killing 2
27 January 2003 - Bomb goes off on a bicycle in Vile Parle, killing 1
14 March 2003 - Bomb goes off in a train in Mulund, killing 10
28 July 2003 - Bomb goes off in a bus in Ghatkopar, killing 4
25 August 2003 - Two Bombs go off in cars near the Gateway of India and Zaveri Bazaar, killing 50
11 July 2006 - Series of seven bombs go off in trains, killing 209
26 November 2008 to 29 November 2008 - Coordinated series of attacks, killing at least 172.
13 July 2011 - Three coordinated bomb explosions at different locations, killing 26

First college in india

Presidency University, Kolkata, formerly Hindu College and Presidency College,is a public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal.
It was established in 1817, making it one of the oldest educational institutions of western education in South Asia. It was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, and a number of other eminent personalities of Bengal, such as Raja Radhakanta Deb, Maharaja Tejchandra Ray of Burdwan, David Hare, Justice Sir Edward Hyde East, Prasanna Coomar Tagore and Babu Buddinath Mukherjee[citation needed].
Initially established as the Mahapathshala wing of Hindu College, it was renamed Presidency College, i.e. the college of the Bengal Presidency, in 1855. In 2010, under the Chief Ministership of Shri Buddhadeb Bhattacharya, a former student of the college, it was upgraded to the status of a full university by the Presidency University Act, 2010 passed in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly. The Governor of West Bengal, Shri M.K. Narayanan, gave his consent to the bill on 7 July 2010.
The longest serving Principal of Presidency College was J. Sutcliff, who was its Principal intermittently for 20 years, from 1852-1875. He was the Principal of the college when the college was renamed in 1855 and the new building at 86/1, College Street was built a few years later. The first Indian (acting) Principal of the college was Prasanna Kumar Ray (1902; 1903 and 1905–1906) and the first Indian (full-time) Principal of the college was B.M.Sen (1931-1934 (acting) and 1934–1942).

Top 5 Fastest Trains of India

The Indian Railway is a remarkable introduction by the British East India Company. The company introduced the system for their own benefits of business expansion through commercial trading but eventually it proved to be a blessing for Indians for which even today the citizens of the country give an acknowledgment.

The first train was operational on December 22, 1851 mainly used for the hauling of construction material in Roorkee. Following this, the first passenger train was introduced between Bori Bunder-Bombay-Thana on April 16, 1853. Thereafter, many trains came into existence and the railway system continued to progress.

At present, the Indian Railway system is believed to be one of the largest and the busiest rail networks in the world. It does not have the world's fastest train but it has a massive number running between varied stations. Among this long list of trains, there are few fast trains that are the pride of India.

Here is the list of top 5 fastest trains of India:

Bhopal Shatabdi Express

The Bhopal Shatabdi Express is considered to be the fastest train of the country with an average speed of 89.49 km/h, touching a top speed of 161 km/h on the long Delhi-Agra stretch. The train runs between Bhopal Junction and New Delhi, completing the round trip of 1402 km in just 15 hours and 40 minutes.

Kanpur Reverse Shatabdi

The Kanpur Reverse Shatabdi is the second fastest train of India with an average speed of 88.13 km/h. It is a non-stop train that runs between Kanpur Central and New Delhi, completing a round trip of 874 km in a span of 9 hours and 55 minutes.

Sealdah Duronto Express

The Sealdah Duronto is one significant non-stop train in the list of Duronto Express that was first flagged off from Sealdah on September 18, 2009. The train covers a round trip of 2907 km from Sealdah to New Delhi in 32 hours and 40 minutes, maintaining an average speed of 87.99km/h. This is the third fastest train of India.

Allahabad Duronto Express

The Allahabad Duronto Express is also a non-stop train like Saldah Duronto that runs between Allahabad Junction and New Delhi. The train covers a round trip of 1268 km in a time span of 14 hours and 45 minutes, maintaining an average speed of 86.73 km/h.

Mumbai Rajdhani Express

The Mumbai Rajdhani Express runs between Mumbai and Delhi covering a round trip of 2768 km in about 31 hours and 55 minutes. The average speed of the train is 86.7 km/h and is considered to be the fastest train on the Mumbai-Delhi route.

Geography of India

India comprises the bulk of the Indian subcontinent and lies atop the minor Indian tectonic plate, which in turn belongs to the Indo-Australian Plate. India's defining geological processes commenced 75 million years ago when the Indian subcontinent, then part of the southern supercontinent Gondwana, began a north-eastward drift across the then-unformed Indian Ocean that lasted fifty million years. The subcontinent's subsequent collision with, and subduction under, the Eurasian Plate bore aloft the planet's highest mountains, the Himalayas. They abut India in the north and the north-east. In the former seabed immediately south of the emerging Himalayas, plate movement created a vast trough that has gradually filled with river-borne sediment;it now forms the Indo-Gangetic Plain. To the west lies the Thar Desert, which is cut off by the Aravalli Range.
The original Indian plate survives as peninsular India, which is the oldest and geologically most stable part of India; it extends as far north as the Satpura and Vindhya ranges in central India. These parallel chains run from the Arabian Sea coast in Gujarat in the west to the coal-rich Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand in the east.To the south, the remaining peninsular landmass, the Deccan Plateau, is flanked on the west and east by coastal ranges known as the Western and Eastern Ghats;the plateau contains the nation's oldest rock formations, some of them over one billion years old. Constituted in such fashion, India lies to the north of the equator between 6° 44' and 35° 30' north latitude[e] and 68° 7' and 97° 25' east longitude.
India's coastline measures 7,517 kilometres (4,700 mi) in length; of this distance, 5,423 kilometres (3,400 mi) belong to peninsular India and 2,094 kilometres (1,300 mi) to the Andaman, Nicobar, and Lakshadweep island chains.According to the Indian naval hydrographic charts, the mainland coastline consists of the following: 43% sandy beaches; 11% rocky shores, including cliffs; and 46% mudflats or marshy shores.
Major Himalayan-origin rivers that substantially flow through India include the Ganges and the Brahmaputra, both of which drain into the Bay of Bengal.Important tributaries of the Ganges include the Yamuna and the Kosi; the latter's extremely low gradient often leads to severe floods and course changes. Major peninsular rivers, whose steeper gradients prevent their waters from flooding, include the Godavari, the Mahanadi, the Kaveri, and the Krishna, which also drain into the Bay of Bengal; and the Narmada and the Tapti, which drain into the Arabian Sea.Coastal features include the marshy Rann of Kutch of western India and the alluvial Sundarbans delta of eastern India; the latter is shared with Bangladesh. India has two archipelagos: the Lakshadweep, coral atolls off India's south-western coast; and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a volcanic chain in the Andaman Sea.
The Indian climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and the Thar Desert, both of which drive the economically and culturally pivotal summer and winter monsoons. The Himalayas prevent cold Central Asian katabatic winds from blowing in, keeping the bulk of the Indian subcontinent warmer than most locations at similar latitudes. The Thar Desert plays a crucial role in attracting the moisture-laden south-west summer monsoon winds that, between June and October, provide the majority of India's rainfall. Four major climatic groupings predominate in India: tropical wet, tropical dry, subtropical humid, and montane.

oh god what a fact....

Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur

The granite tower of Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur was completed in 1010 CE by Raja Raja Chola I.

Aryabhata

Aryabhata was India's first satellite, named after the great Indian astronomer of the same name.It was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar using a Cosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space.
The 96.3 minute orbit had an apogee of 619 km and a perigee of 563 km, at an inclination of 50.7 degrees. It was built to conduct experiments in X-ray astronomy, aeronomics, and solar physics. The spacecraft was a 26-sided polygon 1.4 m in diameter. All faces (except the top and bottom) were covered with solar cells. A power failure halted experiments after 4 days in orbit. All signals from the spacecraft were lost after 5 days of operation. The satellite reentered the Earth's atmosphere on 11 February 1992. The satellite's image appeared on the reverse of Indian 2 rupee banknotes between 1976 and 1997 (Pick catalog and one rupee note number: P-79a-m).

Quotes about India by great achievers outside india

“We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.”

– Albert Einstein.

“India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend and the great grandmother of tradition.”

– Mark Twain.

“If there is one place on the face of earth where all dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India.”

– French scholar Romain Rolland.

“India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border.”

– Hu Shih (former Chinese ambassador to USA)

ALL OF THE ABOVE IS JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG, THE LIST COULD BE ENDLESS.

BUT, if we don’t see even a glimpse of that great India in the India that we see today, it clearly means that we are not working up to our potential; and that if we do, we could once again be an ever-shining and inspiring country setting a bright path for rest of the world to follow.

ALWAYS THIS MANS WORDS MAKE US THINK.....

india is proud to have this man in it....

ITZ TIME TO HAVE A QUIZ CONTEST ABOUT OUR NATION............

Q.Who is the GM of Hewlett Packard (hp) ?

A. Rajiv Gupta



Q. Who is the creator of Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of the today’s computers run on it)?

A. Vinod Dahm

Q. Who is the third richest man on the world?

A. According to the latest report on Fortune Magazine, it is Azim Premji, who is the CEO of Wipro Industries. The Sultan of Brunei is at 6th position now.

Q. Who is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is world’s No.1 web-based email program)?

A. Sabeer Bhatia

Q. Who is the president of AT & T-Bell Labs (AT & T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few)?

A. Arun Netravalli

Q. Who is the new MTD (Microsoft Testing Director) of Windows 2000, responsible to iron out all initial problems?

A. Sanjay Tejwrika

Q. Who are the Chief Executives of Citibank, Mckinsey & Stanchart?

A. Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar.

Q. We Indians are the wealthiest among all ethnic groups in America, even faring better than the whites and the natives.

There are 3.22 million Indians in the USA (1.5% of population).

YET, 38% of doctors in USA are Indians.

12% scientists in USA are Indians.

36% of NASA scientists are Indians.

34% of Microsoft employees are Indians.

28% of IBM employees are Indians.

17% of INTEL scientists are Indians.

13% of XEROX employees are! Indians.

A Few G.K About India

1. India never invaded any country in her last 1000 years of history.

2. India invented the Number system. Zero was invented by Aryabhatta.

3. The world’s first University was established in Takshila in 700BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4 th century BC was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.

4. According to the Forbes magazine, Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software.

5. Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans.

6. Although western media portray modern images of India as poverty-stricken and underdeveloped through political corruption, India was once the richest empire on earth.

7. The art of navigation was born in the river Sindh 5000 years ago. The very word "Navigation" is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH.

8. The value of pi was first calculated by Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is now known as the Pythagorean Theorem. British scholars have last year (1999) officially published that Budhayan’s works dates to the 6 th Century which is long before the European mathematicians.

9. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India. Quadratic equations were by Sridharacharya in the 11 th Century; the largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Indians used numbers as big as 10 53.

10. According to the Gemmological Institute of America, up until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds to the world.

11. USA based IEEE has proved what has been a century-old suspicion amongst academics that the pioneer of wireless communication was Professor Jagdeesh Bose and not Marconi.

12. The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra.

13. Chess was invented in India .

14. Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted surgeries like cesareans, cataract, fractures and urinary stones. Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient India .

15. When many cultures in the world were only nomadic forest-dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization).

16. The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC

Mumbai girl tops GRE with full marks

The GRE results were announced by Educational Testing Services, a US-based organisation that conducts the examinations worldwide.
Mumbai girl Ashwini Nene has topped the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) -- a pre-requisite for admissions to most US graduate schools and for some other countries - by scoring full marks of 340/340, an official said here Wednesday.
Nene, 20, is a student of Sardar Patel Institute of Technology, Andheri.
The GRE results were announced by Educational Testing Services, a US-based organisation that conducts the examinations worldwide.
Coached by KIC Education in Andheri, Nene is one of the few students globally to have scored a full marks in a revised and tougher GRE format this year.
"Ashwini Nene has many great attributes which went into producing the special score. She stands out for her humility, is very coachable and ensured that she made every classroom session count by absorbing all concepts and applying them effectively during practice," said KIC Education's founder and chief mentor G. Kohli.
Nene said that the strategies taught by KIC Education were brilliant and she used them while giving the actual test, besides specific instructions for different question types, 20-30 tests in hard and soft formats, which help her get 340/340.
"It is hard to predict what (questions) one will get and though I expected to get close to 340, I did not anticipate an absolute score. Now, I shall focus on my academic and build a strong profile to qualify for the best universities in the US," Nene said.
Nene's parents are technology professionals in the northwest Mumbai Vile Parle suburb.

A NEW FRONTIER

The tradition of Science and Technology (S & T) in India is over 5000 years old. A renaissance was witnessed in the first half of the 20th century. The S&T infrastructure has grown up from about Rs. 10 million at the time of independence in 1947 to Rs. 30 billion. Significant achievements have been made in the areas of nuclear and space science, electronics and defense. The government is committed to making S&T an integral part of the socio-economic development of the country.
India has the third largest scientific and technical manpower in the world; 162 universities award 4,000 doctorates and 35,000 post-graduate degrees and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research runs 40 research laboratories which have made some significant achievements.
In the field of missile launch technology, India is among the five top nations of the world.

Science and technology, however, is used as an effective instrument of growth and change. It is being brought into the mainstream of economic planning in the sectors of agriculture, industry and services. The country's resources are used to derive the maximum output for the benefit of society and improvement in the quality of life. About 85 per cent of the funds for S&T come directly or indirectly from the Government. The S&T infrastructure in the country accounts for more than one per cent of the GNP. S&T in India is entering a new frontier.

NAGARJUNA (100 CE) WIZARD OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE

.He was an extraordinary wizard of science born in the nondescript village of Baluka in Madhya Pradesh . His dedicated research for twelve years produced maiden discoveries and inventions in the faculties of chemistry and metallurgy. Textual masterpieces like ' Ras Ratnakar ,' 'Rashrudaya' and 'Rasendramangal' are his renowned contributions to the science of chemistry. Where the medieval alchemists of England failed, Nagarjuna had discovered the alchemy of transmuting base metals into gold. As the author of medical books like 'Arogyamanjari' and 'Yogasar,' he also made significant contributions to the field of curative medicine. Because of his profound scholarliness and versatile knowledge, he was appointed as Chancellor of the famous University of Nalanda . Nagarjuna's milestone discoveries impress and astonish the scientists of today.

Indians always stand seperate from others..

Neha 12-year-old Indian girl has higher IQ than Einstein
London: A 12-year-old Indian-origin girl in UK has stunned everyone after she scored an incredible 162 on her IQ test - even higher than Einstein and Stephen Hawking.

Neha Ramu, daughter of an Indian doctor couple, achieved a score of 162 on a Mensa IQ test - the highest score possible for her age.
The score puts her in the top one per cent of brightest people in the UK and means she is more intelligent than physicist Hawking, Microsoft founder Bill Gates and scientist Albert Einstein, who are all thought to have an IQ of 160.
"Neha scored 162 on the Cattell IIIB test, putting her within the top one per cent of people in the country," a spokesman for British Mensa said.
Neha's parents lived in India before moving to Britain when their daughter was seven, 'The Telegraph' reported.
Neha had always performed well at school, but it was only when she took an entrance exam for her school, achieving a perfect score of 280/280, that they realised her potential.
She took the test for Mensa, a society for people with high IQs, two years later, and achieved the maximum possible score for someone aged under 18.
"At first I did not really realise what she was capable of as she wasn't being stretched at school and when she joined primary school in the UK. We didn't really understand the system here," her mother Jayashree said.
"I am so proud of her. Although she's being doing well at these kind of tests for sometime now. This is just marvellous.
I can't express the feeling," she said.
Neha plans to follow her parents' footsteps into a career in medicine. She has already set her sight on a place at Harvard after taking her SATs - the American equivalent of A-levels - and achieved a score of 740 out of 800 in a test designed for 18-year-olds.
A devoted Harry Potter fan and keen swimmer, Neha admitted to have found the Mensa test "quite hard".
"I'm really, really happy because I found the test quite hard and I wasn't really holding out much hope that I'd be a member of Mensa," she said.
"We might have a little party or something sometime soon to celebrate. I haven't told my friends yet but I've told some of my family and they are all very happy for me," said Neha.
Einstein never took an IQ test as none of the modern intelligence tests existed when he was alive, but experts believe he had an IQ of around 160.

Many A People Changed INDIAN History...But This Man Changed INDIANS History...

Chinnaswami Subramania Bharati (December 11, 1882 – September 11, 1921) was an Indian writer, poet, journalist, Indian independence activist and social reformer from Tamil Nadu, India. Popularly known as Mahakavi Bharathiyar (Tamil: மகாகவி பாரதியார்), he is a pioneer of modern Tamil poetry.

Born in Ettayapuram in 1882, Subramania Bharati studied in Tirunelveli and worked as a journalist with many newspapers, notable among them being the Swadesamitran and India. Bharathi was also an active member of the Indian National Congress. In 1908, an arrest warrant was issued against Bharathi by the government of British India for his revolutionary activities forcing him to flee to Pondicherry where he lived until 1918.

Bharathi is considered to be one of the greatest Tamil poets of the modern era. Most of his works were on religious, political and social themes. Songs penned by Bharathi have been widely used in Tamil films and Carnatic Music concert platforms.

Ranjitsinhji, the Maharaja Jam Sahib of Nawanagar

Ranjitsinhji, the Maharaja Jam Sahib of Nawanagar GCSI, GBE (10 September 1872 – 2 April 1933) (also known as Kumar Shri Ranjitsinhji, Vibhaji Ranjitsinhji, K.S. Ranjitsinhji, Ranji or Smith)[1] was an Indian prince and Test cricketer who played for the English cricket team.[2] He also played first-class cricket for Cambridge University, and county cricket for Sussex. he was a great cricketer popularly known as 'the Midsummer night's dream of cricket" by the british .. ranji trophy which more famous in india at present is being played and organized in the mindset of honoring this great cricket legend......this proves that every British act has an indian behind it...

The most successful man in india not only as a scientist but also as a human....!!!

After graduating from Madras Institute of Technology (MIT – Chennai) in 1960, Kalam joined Aeronautical Development Establishment of Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as a scientist. Kalam started his career by designing a small helicopter for the Indian Army, but remained unconvinced with the choice of his job at DRDO. Kalam was also part of the INCOSPAR committee working under Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist.In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) where he was the project director of India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near earth orbit in July 1980. Joining ISRO was one of Kalam's biggest achievements in life and he is said to have found himself when he started to work on the SLV project. Kalam first started work on an expandable rocket project independently at DRDO in 1965. In 1969, Kalam received the government's approval and expanded the program to include more engineers.
In 1963–64, he visited Nasa's Langley Research Center in Hampton Virginia, Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland and Wallops Flight Facility situated at Eastern Shore of Virginia.During the period between the 1970s and 1990s, Kalam made an effort to develop the Polar SLV and SLV-III projects, both of which proved to be success.
Kalam was invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Buddha as the representative of TBRL, even though he had not participated in the development, test site preparation and weapon designing. In the 1970s, a landmark was achieved by ISRO when the locally built Rohini-1 was launched into space, using the SLV rocket. In the 1970s, Kalam also directed two projects, namely, Project Devil and Project Valiant , which sought to develop ballistic missiles from the technology of the successful SLV programme.Despite the disapproval of Union Cabinet, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi allotted secret funds for these aerospace projects through her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship. Kalam played an integral role convincing the Union Cabinet to conceal the true nature of these classified aerospace projects.His research and educational leadership brought him great laurels and prestige in 1980s, which prompted the government to initiate an advanced missile program under his directorship.Kalam and Dr. V. S. Arunachalam, metallurgist and scientific adviser to the Defense Minister, worked on the suggestion by the then Defense Minister, R. Venkataraman on a proposal for simultaneous development of a quiver of missiles instead of taking planned missiles one by one.R Venkatraman was instrumental in getting the cabinet approval for allocating 388 crore rupees for the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (I.G.M.D.P) and appointed Kalam as the Chief Executive.Kalam played a major part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic missile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects have been criticised for mismanagement and cost and time overruns.He was the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and the Secretary of Defence Research and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period where he played an intensive political and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Coordinator, along with R. Chidambaram during the testing phase. Photos and snapshots of him taken by the media elevated Kalam as the country's top nuclear scientist.
In 1998, along with cardiologist Dr.Soma Raju, Kalam developed a low cost Coronary stent. It was named as "Kalam-Raju Stent" honouring them. In 2012, the duo, designed a rugged tablet PC for health care in rural areas, which was named as "Kalam-Raju Tablet".

BEST QUOTE BY AN INDIAN IN THE YEAR 2006

Scribes and artists in the Mughal court, 1590–1595

In the early 16th century, northern India, being then under mainly Muslim rulers,fell again to the superior mobility and firepower of a new generation of Central Asian warriors. The resulting Mughal Empire did not stamp out the local societies it came to rule, but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites,leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule.Eschewing tribal bonds and Islamic identity, especially under Akbar, the Mughals united their far-flung realms through loyalty, expressed through a Persianised culture, to an emperor who had near-divine status. The Mughal state's economic policies, deriving most revenues from agriculture and mandating that taxes be paid in the well-regulated silver currency,caused peasants and artisans to enter larger markets. The relative peace maintained by the empire during much of the 17th century was a factor in India's economic expansion, resulting in greater patronage of painting, literary forms, textiles, and architecture.Newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Marathas, the Rajputs, and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. Expanding commerce during Mughal rule gave rise to new Indian commercial and political elites along the coasts of southern and eastern India. As the empire disintegrated, many among these elites were able to seek and control their own affairs.
By the early 18th century, with the lines between commercial and political dominance being increasingly blurred, a number of European trading companies, including the English East India Company, had established coastal outposts.The East India Company's control of the seas, greater resources, and more advanced military training and technology led it to increasingly flex its military muscle and caused it to become attractive to a portion of the Indian elite; both these factors were crucial in allowing the Company to gain control over the Bengal region by 1765 and sideline the other European companies. Its further access to the riches of Bengal and the subsequent increased strength and size of its army enabled it to annex or subdue most of India by the 1820s. India was now no longer exporting manufactured goods as it long had, but was instead supplying the British empire with raw materials, and many historians consider this to be the onset of India's colonial period. By this time, with its economic power severely curtailed by the British parliament and itself effectively made an arm of British administration, the Company began to more consciously enter non-economic arenas such as education, social reform, and culture.

Indian Artist

A Warli tribal painting by Jivya Soma Mashe from Thane, Maharashtra

Save farmers Save INDIA

Hand propelled wheel chart from indus valley civilization

The history of science and technology in the Indian Subcontinent begins with prehistoric human activity at Mehrgarh, in present-day Pakistan, and continues through the Indus Valley Civilization to early states and empires. The British colonial rule introduced some elements of western education in India. Following independence science and technology in the Republic of India has included automobile engineering, information technology, communications as well as space, polar, and nuclear science

SHAHJI - ONE OF THE BEST KINGS OF ALL TIME ....who maintained his own kingdom in a tricky way....

Shahaji Raje Bhosle was a Maratha general. He was an early exponent of guerilla warfare. He was the eldest son of Maloji Bhosale of Verul (present-day Ellora, Maharashtra). He brought the house of Bhosle into prominence. The princely states of Tanjore, Kolhapur and Satara are Bhosle legacies. He was father of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire.

Islamic ruler Ibrahim Adil Shah of Bijapur, appointed Hindus to key positions and changed the official court language from Persian to Marathi.

Maloji was childless for a long time. Two sons were born to him after seeking blessings from a famous Sufi pir of the time, named Hazrat Shah Sharifji. In honour of the pir, Maloji named his sons Shahaji and Sharifji.Maloji was a capable soldier and eventually became Sar Giroh and was awarded independent Jagir of Pune & Supe districts in the court of Nizam Shah of Ahmednagar.
Shahaji was an extremely ambitious and capable general. At a young age, Shahaji had achieved a lot. He was well known not only for his military and leadership skills but also as a Man who kept his word. He had not lost a single battle in his entire life which made him the prominent Maratha legend who was treated even at par with Nizam and Adilshah.

Shahaji had defeated quite a number of eminent commanders of Mughals, Adilshah and Nizamshah. Shahaji was prominent in the whole of Hindustan (India) for he had not lost a single battle in his lifetime and had always prevailed no matter what the circumstances. Mughal, Adil, Nizam Sultanates were leaving no stone unturned to get Maharaja Shahaji on their side. When Shahaji was serving in the Adilshahi court, he was awarded the title of Farzand (someone placed much higher than a chief commanding an army of 10,000) which was equivalent to the designation of a Prince. Thus, Shahaji was highly revered in the Adilshahi court.

Magadha Kingdom

Magadha was a kingdom ruled by Vedic civilization kings. Jarasandha was the greatest among them during epic times. His capital was Rajagriha or Rajgir a modern hill resort in Bihar. Jarasandha's continuous assault on the Yadava kingdom of Surasena resulted in their withdrawal from central India to western India. Jarasandha was a threat not only for Yadavas but also for Kurus. Pandava Bhima killed him in a mace duel aided by the intelligence of Vasudeva Krishna. Thus Yudhisthira, the Pandava king, could complete his campaign of bringing the whole of Indian kingdoms to his sway.
Jarasandha had friendly relations with Chedi king Shishupala, Kuru king Duryodhana and Anga king Karna. After the epic age, in Kali Yuga, Magadha became the foremost of Indian kingdoms with the new capital Pataliputra, a port city on the banks of the river Ganges. Nandas and Mauryas ruled this kingdom. The Mauryas built the celebrated Mauryan Empire that spanned almost whole of India. This empire was formidable even to the Greek warrior Alexander.

Mr.Kalayanasundaram

Mr.Kalayanasundaram worked as a Librarian for 30 years. Every month in his 30 year experience(service), he donated his entire salary to help the needy. He worked as a server in a hotel to meet his needs. He donated even his pension amount of about TEN(10) Lakh rupees to the needy.

He is the first person in the world to spend the entire earnings for a social cause. In recognition to his service, (UNO)United Nations Organisation adjudged him as one of the Outstanding People of the 20th Century.. An American organisation honored him with the ‘Man of the Millennium’ award. He received a sum of Rs 30 cores as part of this award which he distributed entirely for the needy as usual.

Moved by his passion to help others, Super Star Rajinikanth adopted him as his father. He still stays as a bachelor and dedicated his entire life for serving the society.

We all Indians should be PROUD. UNO has honored him but we Indians don't even know that such a personality exist amongst us.

At least have the courtesy to pass this on and on till the whole world comes to know about this Great Good Samaritan.
Man of the Millennium.....
Hat's off Kalayanasundaram.. We Indians are extremely proud of you and proudly say "EVEN THIS , HAPPENS ONLY IN INDIA"

The Hindu-Arabic numeral system

The inscriptions on the edicts of Ashoka (1st millennium BCE) display this number system being used by the Imperial Mauryas.

Old One Rupee note of India

Military Organisation of the great RAJA RAJA CHOLA

Rajaraja created a powerful standing army and a considerable navy which achieved even greater success under his son Rajendra. The prominence given to the army from the conquest of the Pandyas down to the last year of the king’s reign is significant, shows the spirit with which he treated his soldiers. A number of regiments are mentioned in the Tanjore inscriptions and it is evident that Rajaraja gave his army its due share in the glory derived from his extensive conquests.

In most of the foregoing names the first portion appears to be the surnames or titles of the king himself or of his son. That these regiments should have been called after the king or his son is indicative of the attachment the Chola king bore towards his army.

It is possible that these royal names were pre-fixed to the designations of these regiments after they had distinguished themselves in some engagement or other. It is worthy of note that there are elephant troops, cavalry and foot soldiers among these regiments. To some of these regiments, the management of certain minor shrines of the temple was entrusted and they were expected to provide for the requirements of the shrine. Others among them took money from the temple on interest, which they agreed to pay in cash. We are not, however, told to what productive purpose they applied this money. At any rate all these transactions show that the king created in them an interest in the temple he built.

THE MOST SUCCESSFUL KING IN SOUTH INDIAN HISTORY

Raja Raja Chozhan I (Tamil: ராஜ ராஜ சோழன்) born 'Arulmozhi Varmar'(also called as Raja Kesari Varman Raja Raja Thevar [1] and respectfully as Peruudaiyar), popularly known as Raja Raja the Great, is one of the greatest emperors of the Tamil Chola Empire of India who ruled between 985 and 1014 CE. By conquering several small kingdoms in South India, he expanded the Chola Empire as far as Sri Lanka in the south, and Kalinga (Odisha) in the northeast. He fought many battles with the Chalukyas to the north and the Pandyas to the south. By conquering Vengi, Rajaraja laid the foundation for the Later Chola dynasty. He invaded Sri Lanka and started a century-long Chola occupation of the island. He streamlined the administrative system by dividing the country into various districts and by standardising revenue collection through systematic land surveys. Being an ardent devotee of Lord Shiva, he built the magnificent Peruvudaiyar Temple (also known as the Brihadeeswarar Temple) in Thanjavur and through it enabled the distribution of wealth amongst his subjects. His successes enabled his son Rajendra Chola I to extend the empire even further.

Flag of British India, 1858–1947

Quotes about India by great achievers outside india

“We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.”

– Albert Einstein.

“India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend and the great grandmother of tradition.”

– Mark Twain.

“If there is one place on the face of earth where all dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India.”

– French scholar Romain Rolland.

“India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border.”

– Hu Shih (former Chinese ambassador to USA)

ALL OF THE ABOVE IS JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG, THE LIST COULD BE ENDLESS.

BUT, if we don’t see even a glimpse of that great India in the India that we see today, it clearly means that we are not working up to our potential; and that if we do, we could once again be an ever-shining and inspiring country setting a bright path for rest of the world to follow.

Plastics A Destructive pleasure..

plastics.... a classic invention which spoils this world.....but itz nasty to talk about it because inventions are  being made and no one could stop it ... but preventive measures could be made eg. recycling it.... ya india is leading itself even in this field... 60% of the plastics which are being produced are recycled in india while itz ratio is 12:10 in japan and china respectively ......!

Shiva Pashupati

A seal discovered at the site bears the image of a seated, cross-legged and possibly ithyphallic figure surrounded by animals. The figure has been interpreted by some scholars as a yogi, and by others as a three-headed "proto-Shiva" as "Lord of Animals".

Indias First silent Film....

Raja Harishchandra is a 1913 silent Indian film directed and produced by Marathi icon Dadasaheb Phalke, and is the first full-length Indian feature film and marathi feature film.The film was based on the legend of King Harishchandra, recounted in the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
Some have argued that Raja Harishchandra does not deserve the honour of being called the first Indian film because Dadasaheb Torne's film Shree Pundalik was released on 18 May 1912 in Mumbai i.e. One year before Phalke's film.
Cast:
Dattatraya Damodar Dabke as Raja Harishchandra
Salunke as Taramati[3]
Bhalachandra D. Phalke
G.V. Sane as Vishwamitra

India too has its wonders

basically if someone speaks about world our mind thinks of every country which we know except that of india...... this is one of the most worst behavior among indians ..... here is a new information for you....... u would have known about QUTUB MINAR BUT MANY ARE NOT AWARE ABOUT THE FACT THAT ITS THE WORLDS TALLEST BRICK MINARET COMMENCED BY QUTB-UD-DIN AYBAK OF THE SLAVE DYNASTY ........ better be aware of it at least now to fight with people who talk ill about indian history ..........
 

Ballistic Boost For India

No other programs have beefed up India’s defence and forced the world to acknowledge India’s strides in the field of defence and science and technology as these two. In fact the Point number 5 in this list is a supplementary to the point number 1. India’s prowess in the field of missile technology is a strong deterrent for the enemies.
The nuclear program and the missile program form an integral part of this. India has been running the two programs simultaneously and successfully. India’s missile program is spearheaded by such missile systems as the Agni, Prithvi, Akash and Nag. BrahMos, the world’s fastest Cruise missile jointly developed by India and Russia, is the newest addition to the Indian missile bouquet.

India’s Space Program:

India’s modest efforts to conquer the space that began in 1975 with the successful launch of its first satellite Aryabhatta in 1975 have now come of age. Today, India is among the select few space powers in the world to launch foreign satellites and eye a big chunk of the $ 200 billion commercial rocket launch industry.

India has sewn up space agreements with over 20 countries. More importantly, it is now preparing for its Mars Mission in December 2013. It is no mean achievement for a country that was finding it difficult to feed its own people till it successfully embarked on a Green Revolution nearly half a century ago, is now aiming literally for the stars!

A tribute to an indian and not by an indian

Proud moment for true Indians

Unity In Diversity

This is the most important achievement of India since independence because India has survived its modern map despite diverse challenges, despite an over a quarter century-long proxy war from across the borders and stiff terrorism-related challenges on domestic and foreign fronts. More importantly, despite such challenges India’s secular fabric and its amazing unity in diversity have remained intact.

INDIAN-a detailed view

The history of India’s unity in diversity is remarkable and conveys a strong message that nation is above than any particular religion or culture. At present, approximately 1.22 billion people live together with love and harmony. India's cultural diversity can be traced back to the history when Mughals and other outsiders ruled India and brought in their own tradition and culture. The love bound people of India never opposed any civilization and embraced everyone with open heart. The Unity in Diversity of India justifies the fact that the people holding different views on life, religion, social, economic and political systems can make a civilized nation with their perception and cultured behavior. Indian people have been honoring saints, sages, religious preacher and philosopher since ancient time. For instance, the shrine of Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti in Ajmer is given equal respect as of Vaishno Devi’s shrine in Jammu.